The intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content was quantified using an Enhanced ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, Nanjing, China) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, cells were seeded in 6-well plates at a density of 2 × 105 cells/well and cultured overnight. Subsequently, the cells were exposed to 8 Gy radiation and treated with MOTS-c at a concentration of 10 μM for 24 h. Lastly, cell lysis was performed using a lysis reagent followed by centrifugation at 12,000× g for 5 min at 4 °C. The supernatant was then collected to measure ATP levels.
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