Self-reported physical activity data were collected using the IPAQ-S. We selected the IPAQ-S because of concerns that the length of the IPAQ-Long would result in significant participant burden. The IPAQ-S asks participants to report activities performed for at least 10 minutes during the last 7 days. Respondents are asked to report time spent in physical activity performed across leisure time, work, domestic activities, and transport at each of 3 intensities: walking, moderate, and vigorous. Examples of activities that represent each intensity are provided; for example, participants are asked about vigorous activities such as “heavy lifting, digging, aerobics, or fast bicycling.” Using the instrument's scoring protocol,19 total weekly physical activity was estimated by weighting time spent in each activity intensity with its estimated metabolic equivalent (MET) energy expenditure.8 (link),19 The IPAQ scoring protocol assigns the following MET values to walking, moderate, and vigorous intensity activity: 3.3 METs, 4.0 METs, and 8.0 METs, respectively. Participants were considered to have met CDC/ACSM physical activity recommendations20 (link) if they reported at least 150 min/wk of walking, moderate, or vigorous intensity physical activity.