Cycloheximide (CHX), MG132 and quercetin were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (USA). quercetin was dissolved in DMSO and then diluted in DMEM in vitro. In in vivo experiments, the solvent for quercetin was 25% hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin.
16 (link),
17 (link) Anti‐RhoC and SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (SMURF2) were from Abcam (UK). Anti‐NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (NEDD4) and anti‐GAPDH antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (USA). The anti‐WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (WWP1) antibody was purchased from Proteintech (China).
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