4C was performed as described (24 (link),25 (link)). Proximity ligation junctions, reflecting in vivo spatial proximity, were generated with DpnII (New England Biolabs), followed by circularization with Csp6I (Thermo Scientific). Chromosomal contacts with the TSS-containing fragment were amplified with inverse PCR primers (Supplementary Table S1), and sequenced on the Illumina 2000 platform.