Eligible patients were age 18 years or older with clinical stage cT2 to cT4 (> 2 cm)/cN0 to cN3/cM0 (> 2 cm) disease confirmed by a central laboratory (Targos Molecular Pathology, Kassel, Germany), to be HER2-positive breast cancer (immunohistochemistry 3+ [PATHWAY anti-HER2/neu {4B5} assay; Ventana Medical Systems, Santa Clara, CA]), or in situ hybridization–positive, defined as a HER2/CEP17 ratio of 2 or greater (INFORM HER2 Dual ISH assay; Ventana Medical Systems).15 (link) Both tests were conducted in parallel for all patients; however, only one test needed to be positive to establish HER2-positive status.