In the acute phase, we collected the following data: age, gender, personal history, modified Rankin score (mRS) before SE (at baseline), medications, clinical symptoms of the seizures observed during SE, and post-ictal deficit. Severe and life-threatening complications were specified: respiratory distress, including infectious pneumonia, hemodynamic instability (systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg; the need for vasoamines), and traumatic complications.
SE duration was calculated or estimated through a combination of clinical and EEG data. SE was considered refractory if it persisted 30 min after the introduction of a first- and second-line ASM (9 (link), 36 (link)) and super-refractory if it persisted at least 24 h after the start of general anesthesia (37 (link), 38 (link)).
The etiologies and/or contributing factors of SE were classified according to the ILAE Task Force definition: acute etiologies, sequelae or old structural abnormalities, progressive etiologies, known epileptic syndromes, and unknown etiologies (21 (link), 39 (link)). SE severity was rated by two scales, namely, the Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STESS) (40 (link)) and the Epidemiology-Based Mortality Score in Status Epilepticus (EMSE) (41 (link)).
The cognitive status of non-epileptic patients before SE was estimated using the long version (a 26-item questionnaire) of the IQ CODE (42 (link)). In the literature, the threshold chosen for diagnosing dementia is 3.4/5 (43 (link)).
The chronology of follow-up was 1, 3, and 12 months to detect early, medium-term, and late complications, respectively (mRS, onset of recurrent epileptic seizures or new SE, and death). Cognitive complaint and focal neurological deficit were specified at 3 months.
SE duration was calculated or estimated through a combination of clinical and EEG data. SE was considered refractory if it persisted 30 min after the introduction of a first- and second-line ASM (9 (link), 36 (link)) and super-refractory if it persisted at least 24 h after the start of general anesthesia (37 (link), 38 (link)).
The etiologies and/or contributing factors of SE were classified according to the ILAE Task Force definition: acute etiologies, sequelae or old structural abnormalities, progressive etiologies, known epileptic syndromes, and unknown etiologies (21 (link), 39 (link)). SE severity was rated by two scales, namely, the Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STESS) (40 (link)) and the Epidemiology-Based Mortality Score in Status Epilepticus (EMSE) (41 (link)).
The cognitive status of non-epileptic patients before SE was estimated using the long version (a 26-item questionnaire) of the IQ CODE (42 (link)). In the literature, the threshold chosen for diagnosing dementia is 3.4/5 (43 (link)).
The chronology of follow-up was 1, 3, and 12 months to detect early, medium-term, and late complications, respectively (mRS, onset of recurrent epileptic seizures or new SE, and death). Cognitive complaint and focal neurological deficit were specified at 3 months.
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