Metabolomics and isotope tracing analyses were conducted using an Agilent 1290 Infinity Liquid Chromatography (LC) System (Agilent) coupled to a Q-TOF 6545 mass spectrometer (MS, Agilent). Targeted analysis, isotopologues extraction, and natural isotope abundance correction were performed with Agilent Profinder B.10.00 (Agilent) as previously described (11 (link)).