Human HNSCC lines CAL27 and SCC15 were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA). The cells were maintained in complete Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), 100 units of penicillin and 100 μg of streptomycin at 37°C in 5% CO2 as described [43 (link)–45 (link)], Unless indicated otherwise, all chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) or Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA).
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