Quantifying Rifampin Uptake Using PET

The [¹¹C]rifampin PET data were visualized using Mirada XD 3.6 (Mirada Medical) where VOIs were manually drawn using CT as a guide and applied to the dynamic PET data^{3 (link),4 (link)}. For cavities, VOIs were drawn to include only the cavity wall, excluding the air in the cavities. PMOD 4.1 (PMOD Technologies) was used to generate time–activity curves for each VOI, represented as a unit of radioactivity (kBq) per ml. Tissue density (X-ray attenuation value (Hounsfield unit)) obtained by CT for each VOI⁴² was used to correct the corresponding PET VOIs to represent rifampin measurements per mass of tissue. Whole-blood VOIs drawn in the left heart ventricle were corrected to plasma using the individual hematocrit values from each patient. Images were visualized using OsiriX MD 11.0 DICOM Viewer (Pixmeo SARL) and VivoQuant 4.0 (Invicro) for human and rabbit data, respectively. Heat map overlays were implemented using R software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing).

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Ordonez A.A., Wang H., Magombedze G., Ruiz-Bedoya C.A., Srivastava S., Chen A., Tucker E.W., Urbanowski M.E., Pieterse L., Cardozo E.F., Lodge M.A., Shah M.R., Holt D.P., Mathews W.B., Dannals R.F., Gobburu J.V., Peloquin C.A., Rowe S.P., Gumbo T., Ivaturi V.D, & Jain S.K. (2020). Dynamic imaging in patients with tuberculosis reveals heterogeneous drug exposures in pulmonary lesions. Nature medicine, 26(4), 529-534.

Publication 2020

PMOD 4.1 OsiriX MD 11.0 DICOM Viewer VivoQuant 4.0 R software

Blood Cavities Hematocrit Human Left heart ventricle Patient Plasma Rabbit Radioactivity Rifampin Tissue X ray

Corresponding Organization : Johns Hopkins Medicine

Other organizations : University of Maryland, Baltimore, Texas Tech University, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Florida College, University of Florida

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Variable analysis

independent variables

Manipulation of VOIs (volume of interest) using CT as a guide and applied to the dynamic PET data

dependent variables

Time-activity curves for each VOI, represented as a unit of radioactivity (kBq) per ml
Rifampin measurements per mass of tissue (using tissue density from CT)

control variables

Whole-blood VOIs drawn in the left heart ventricle were corrected to plasma using the individual hematocrit values from each patient

controls

No positive or negative controls were explicitly mentioned in the provided information.

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