Human CD34+ cells were cultured in Stemspan serum-free medium II (SFEM II, StemCell Technologies), supplemented with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) 200pg/mL, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) 50pg/mL, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) 1ng/mL, stem cell factor (SCF) 200pg/mL, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) 200pg/mL, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) 1ng/mL.23 (link)–25 (link) Mouse BM LineageSca-1+c-Kit+ (LSK) cells were cultured in SFEM II supplemented with 10ng/ml SCF and 10ng/ml TPO.25 (link) All cytokines were obtained from Pepro Tech US (Rocky Hill, NJ, USA).