Eight weeks after implantation, the femoral specimens with different implants were placed in labeled cassettes and progressively dehydrated using an alcohol gradient (increments of 10%; range, 70–100%). The samples were then cleared in xylene, infiltrated, and embedded in methylmethacrylate (Sigma-Aldrich). Two sections of each implant were ground and polished to a final thickness of 30–50 μm in the longitudinal direction using Exakt Cutting and Grinding equipment (Exact Apparatebau, Norderstedt, Germany). The sections were mounted on clear glass or plastic for the next steps. Histological sections were stained by the methylene blue-basic fuchsine staining method. The methylene blue-basic fuchsine-stained sections of each implant were analyzed by a digitized image analysis system (Leica Imaging System, Cambridge, UK) for histometric analysis. For further analysis, the percentage of bone to implant contact (BIC) was calculated using the BIOQUANT OSTEO Bone Biology Research System (BIOQUANT Image Analysis Corporation, TN, USA) in accordance with the study design.32 (link) BIC is a length ratio of the bone direct contact implant surface to the total length of the intrabony implant surface.