The wound healing assays were performed following a specified protocol (54 (link)). The HepG2 cells were seeded in six-well poly-d-lysine plates (Corning) with a wound healing insert, allowing cells to reach 100% confluency. Subsequently, a wound was created in the cell monolayer by employing a wound healing insert (Ibidi, Germany). After washing the cells with PBS buffer, they were further cultured for an additional 36 h. The cells were observed and imaged using a microscope.
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