We collected PBMCs samples form adult HCC patients for the expansion of CIK cells. All of the HCCs were diagnosed by cytological or pathological evaluations, or according to the criteria of the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease [27 (link)]. We excluded patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis or acute or chronic liver failure, non-HBV, HCV, or alcohol-related HCC, and patients with concurrent evidence of sepsis.
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